In exchange for protection, swollen-thorn Acacia trees provide Pseudomyrmex ants with food and shelter.  Here an ant feeds from a leaf nectary. (Pseudomyrmex spinicola)

Chiriqui, Panama
Melissotarsus weissi nest in tree bark with symbiotic diaspidid scale insects.

Kibale Forest, Uganda
Pseudomyrmex peperi is an obligate Acacia inhabitant that zealously protects its host from intruding herbivores and aggressive vines. Here, workers cut a tendril that touched their tree. 

Armenia, Belize
Pseudomyrmex peperi is an obligate Acacia inhabitant. Here, a worker gathers a lipid-rich Beltian body from a leaf tip. The plant feeds the ants in exchange for protection from herbivores and competing plants.

Armenia, Belize
Melissotarsus weissi

Kibale Forest, Uganda
Pseudomyrmex peperi is an obligate Acacia inhabitant that zealously protects its host from intruding herbivores and aggressive vines. Here, workers cut a tendril that touched their tree. 

Armenia, Belize
Pseudomyrmex peperi is an obligate Acacia inhabitant. Here, a worker gathers a lipid-rich Beltian body from a leaf tip. The plant feeds the ants in exchange for protection from herbivores and competing plants.

Armenia, Belize
Pseudomyrmex peperi is an obligate Acacia inhabitant that zealously protects its host from intruding herbivores and aggressive vines. Here, workers attempt to remove vine that has come into contact with their tree.

Armenia, Belize
The brood nest of the ant-plant ant Azteca holds a mix of ant larvae (the larger grubs) and Beltian food bodies (the smaller ovoids).

Icononzo, Tolima, Colombia
In exchange for protection, swollen-thorn Acacia trees provide Pseudomyrmex ants with food and shelter. Here an ant feeds from a leaf nectary. (Pseudomyrmex spinicola)

Chiriqui, Panama
In exchange for protection, swollen-thorn Acacia trees provide Pseudomyrmex ants with food and shelter.  Here an ant feeds from a leaf nectary. (Pseudomyrmex spinicola)

Chiriqui, Panama
In exchange for protection, swollen-thorn Acacia trees provide Pseudomyrmex ants with food and shelter. Here an ant feeds from a leaf nectary. (Pseudomyrmex spinicola)

Chiriqui, Panama
See photo in original gallery.
all images and text © Alex Wild 2001-2013