Ten centimeters below ground, Pheidole ants tend ground pearls (Hemiptera: Margarodidae) for honeydew. Ground pearls are sap-feeding insects that exude excess sugar attractive to ants, while the ants help transport the young insects to new plants.

Icononzo, Tolima, Colombia
Ten centimeters below the soil surface, Pheidole ants tend ground pearls (Hemiptera: Margarodidae) for honeydew. Ground pearls are sap-feeding insects that exude excess sugar attractive to ants, while the ants help transport the young insects to new plants.

Icononzo, Tolima, Colombia
A scale insect tended by Crematogaster ants.

Carrancas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Ten centimeters below ground, Pheidole ants tend ground pearls (Hemiptera: Margarodidae) for honeydew. Ground pearls are sap-feeding insects that exude excess sugar attractive to ants, while the ants help transport the young insects to new plants.

Icononzo, Tolima, Colombia
Ten centimeters below ground, Pheidole ants tend ground pearls (Hemiptera: Margarodidae) for honeydew. Ground pearls are sap-feeding insects that exude excess sugar attractive to ants, while the ants help transport the young insects to new plants.

Icononzo, Tolima, Colombia
Ten centimeters below ground, Pheidole ants tend ground pearls (Hemiptera: Margarodidae) for honeydew. Ground pearls are sap-feeding insects that exude excess sugar attractive to ants, while the ants help transport the young insects to new plants.

Icononzo, Tolima, Colombia
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all images and text © Alex Wild 2001-2013